diff --git a/hammer.c b/hammer.c
index e646eb51d1d23d7e21d595f2e99dca44cd791027..3e8a0aee59617ab6a7c87d31bfe3e3a729d1a345 100644
--- a/hammer.c
+++ b/hammer.c
@@ -35,3 +35,31 @@ const result* get_cached(parse_state *ps, const size_t pid); /* {
 }
 							     */
 int put_cached(parse_state *ps, const size_t pid, result cached);
+
+result* (*token(const uint8_t *s))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*ch(const uint8_t c))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*range(const uint8_t lower, const uint8_t upper))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*whitespace(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+//result (*action(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), /* fptr to action on AST */))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*join_action(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), const uint8_t *sep))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*left_factor_action(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*negate(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* end_p(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* nothing_p(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*sequence(result *(*(*p1)(parse_state *ps1))))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*choice(result *(*(*p1)(parse_state *ps1))))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*butnot(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*difference(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*xor(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*repeat0(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*repeat1(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*repeatN(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), const size_t n))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*optional(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+void (*expect(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*chain(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2), result *(*p3)(parse_state *ps3)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*chainl(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*list(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* epsilon_p(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+//result (*semantic(/* fptr to nullary function? */))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*and(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
+result* (*not(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps) { return NULL; }
diff --git a/hammer.h b/hammer.h
index 32e6f89699e4268988c1d5be40676877eb6cdbd6..6d467bab40133f0a8da4fc1cc52a6033f91e9bc6 100644
--- a/hammer.h
+++ b/hammer.h
@@ -29,32 +29,32 @@ typedef struct {
   const GSequence *ast;
 } result;
 
-result (*token(const uint8_t *s))(parse_state);
-result (*ch(const uint8_t c))(parse_state);
-result (*range(const uint8_t lower, const uint8_t upper))(parse_state);
-result (*whitespace(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*action(/* fptr to parser, fptr to action */))(parse_state);
-result (*join_action(/* fptr to parser */, const uint8_t *sep))(parse_state);
-result (*left_factor_action(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*negate(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-result end_p(parse_state);
-result nothing_p(parse_state);
-result (*sequence(/* array of fptrs! */))(parse_state);
-result (*choice(/* array of fptrs */))(parse_state);
-result (*butnot(/* fptr to parser1, fptr to parser2 */))(parse_state);
-result (*difference(/* fptr to parser1, fptr to parser2 */))(parse_state);
-result (*xor(/* fptr to parser1, fptr to parser2 */))(parse_state);
-result (*repeat0(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*repeat1(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*repeatN(/* fptr to parser */, const size_t n))(parse_state);
-result (*optional(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-void (*expect(/* fptr to parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*chain(/* fptr to item parser */, /* fptr to separator parser */, /* fptr to function */))(parse_state);
-result (*chainl(/* fptr to parser */, /* fptr to separator parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*list(/* fptr to parser */, /* fptr to separator parser */))(parse_state);
-result epsilon_p(parse_state);
-result (*semantic(/* fptr to nullary function? */))(parse_state);
-result (*and(/* fptr to conditional-syntax parser */))(parse_state);
-result (*not(/* fptr to conditional-syntax parser */))(parse_state);
+result* (*token(const uint8_t *s))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*ch(const uint8_t c))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*range(const uint8_t lower, const uint8_t upper))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*whitespace(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+//result (*action(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), /* fptr to action on AST */))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*join_action(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), const uint8_t *sep))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*left_factor_action(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*negate(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* end_p(parse_state *ps);
+result* nothing_p(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*sequence(result *(*(*p1)(parse_state *ps1))))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*choice(result *(*(*p1)(parse_state *ps1))))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*butnot(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*difference(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*xor(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*repeat0(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*repeat1(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*repeatN(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), const size_t n))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*optional(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+void (*expect(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*chain(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2), result *(*p3)(parse_state *ps3)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*chainl(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*list(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1), result *(*p2)(parse_state *ps2)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* epsilon_p(parse_state *ps);
+//result (*semantic(/* fptr to nullary function? */))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*and(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);
+result* (*not(result *(*p1)(parse_state *ps1)))(parse_state *ps);